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Blood Jul 2018
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Coagulation; Disease Susceptibility; Hemostasis; Humans; Tunica Intima; Tunica Media
PubMed: 29866814
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-846097 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition) Jun 2011C-Myb is a DNA-binding transcription factor that functions in apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. The role of c-Myb in vascular injury has been investigated... (Review)
Review
C-Myb is a DNA-binding transcription factor that functions in apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. The role of c-Myb in vascular injury has been investigated previously both in vitro and in vivo, where knock-down of c-Myb is known to lead to a reduction in proliferation and an increase in apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Reduction of c-Myb activity has also been shown to decrease neointimal formation in vivo, by reducing VSMC proliferation. In contrast, over-expression of c-Myb in vivo leads to increased survival rates in certain cell types. This review will look mainly at studies investigating c-Myb function in the vasculature, and evidence of signalling interactions which may be considered with regard to c-Myb as a possible target in the treatment of vasculoproliferative diseases.
Topics: Animals; Blood Vessels; Endothelium, Vascular; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb; Signal Transduction; Tunica Intima
PubMed: 21622105
DOI: 10.2741/e302 -
Hypertension Research : Official... Jan 2000Cardiovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with renal failure. Death due to myocardial infarction and to stroke is more... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with renal failure. Death due to myocardial infarction and to stroke is more frequent in hemodialysis patients than in the total population. These cardiovascular diseases are mainly the consequence of atherosclerosis and cause decreased life expectancy in patients with renal failure. Ultrasound techniques now make it possible to measure atherosclerotic lesions in big and medium-sized arteries. Thickening of the intima-media-complex is an early sign of atherosclerosis in these vessels. It reduces the distensibility of the arteries during systole. The distensibility of big and medium-sized arteries can be determined using ultrasound-doppler-techniques. In our studies, the intima-media-thickness of the carotid artery was significantly (p< 0.01) increased in patients with chronic renal failure (1.32+/-0.49 mm, n=28) as compared with aged-matched healthy control subjects (0.75 +/- 0.20, n= 29). The distensibility coefficient was higher (p< 0.05) in healthy controls (26 +/- 1.8 10(-3)/kPa, n= 12) than in patients with renal insufficiency (19 +/- 1.7 10(-3)/kPa, n = 12). This demonstrates increased stiffness of the vessel wall resulting in loss of Windkessel function and increased work load of the heart.
Topics: Arteries; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Hypertrophy; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Tunica Intima; Ultrasonography; Vasodilation
PubMed: 10737128
DOI: 10.1291/hypres.23.3 -
Translational Research : the Journal of... Oct 2010Hemodialysis vascular access is a unique form of vascular anastomosis. Although it is created in a unique disease state, it has much to offer in terms of insights into... (Review)
Review
Hemodialysis vascular access is a unique form of vascular anastomosis. Although it is created in a unique disease state, it has much to offer in terms of insights into venous endothelial and anastomotic biology. The development of neointimal hyperplasia (NH) has been identified as a pathologic entity, decreasing the lifespan and effectiveness of hemodialysis vascular access. Subtle hints and new data suggest a contrary idea-that NH, to some extent an expected response, if controlled properly, may play a beneficial role in the promotion of maturation to a functional access. This review attempts to recast our understanding of NH and redefine research goals for an evolving discipline that focuses on a life-sustaining connection between an artery and vein.
Topics: Animals; Arteriovenous Fistula; Catheters, Indwelling; Humans; Hyperplasia; Renal Dialysis; Tunica Intima; Vascular Patency; Veins
PubMed: 20875897
DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2010.07.004 -
Medical Principles and Practice :... 2018Arterial myointimal hyperplasia (MIH) has a significant impact on the long-term outcomes of vascular procedures such as bypass surgery and angioplasty. In this study, we... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Arterial myointimal hyperplasia (MIH) has a significant impact on the long-term outcomes of vascular procedures such as bypass surgery and angioplasty. In this study, we describe a new and innovative technique to induce MIH using a dental flossing cachet in Wistar rats.
METHODS
The intimal damage in the common carotid artery was induced by inserting the tip of the dental flossing cachet through the external carotid artery into the common carotid artery and turning it on for 3 rounds of 20 s each (n = 10). After 2 weeks, the rats were anesthetized and the common carotid arteries of the experimental side and the contralateral side (control) were harvested and preserved for histopathological studies.
RESULTS
The experimental carotid arteries showed significant intimal proliferation and thickening compared to the controls. The intima/media ratio of the experimental and normal (control) common carotid arteries were 1.274 ± 0.162 and 0.089 ± 0.023 (mean ± SEM), respectively (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This technique is simple, inexpensive, and highly reproducible and it induces sufficient MIH to study this phenomenon in animal models.
Topics: Animals; Carotid Arteries; Dental Devices, Home Care; Disease Models, Animal; Hyperplasia; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tunica Intima
PubMed: 30064141
DOI: 10.1159/000492575 -
Circulation Research Aug 2008
Topics: Activating Transcription Factor 4; Angioplasty, Balloon; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rats; Signal Transduction; Tunica Intima; Vascular Diseases; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed: 18703783
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.182246 -
Seminars in Immunopathology Nov 2019Omega-3 fatty acids serve as the substrate for the formation of a group of lipid mediators that mediate the resolution of inflammation. The cardiovascular inflammatory... (Review)
Review
Omega-3 fatty acids serve as the substrate for the formation of a group of lipid mediators that mediate the resolution of inflammation. The cardiovascular inflammatory response in atherosclerosis and vascular injury is characterized by a failure in the resolution of inflammation, resulting in a chronic inflammatory response. The proresolving lipid mediator resolvin E1 (RvE1) is formed by enzymatic conversion of the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and signals resolution of inflammation through its receptor ChemR23. Importantly, the resolution of cardiovascular inflammation is an active, multifactorial process that involves modulation of the immune response, direct actions on the vascular wall, as well as close interactions between macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. Promoting anti-atherogenic signalling through the stimulation of endogenous resolution of inflammation pathways may provide a novel therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular prevention.
Topics: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Disease Susceptibility; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Humans; Hyperplasia; Inflammation Mediators; Lipid Metabolism; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Signal Transduction; Tunica Intima; Vascular Calcification
PubMed: 31696250
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00767-y -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Jul 2004Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule that has gained recognition as a crucial modulator of vascular disease. NO has a number of intracellular effects that lead to... (Review)
Review
Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule that has gained recognition as a crucial modulator of vascular disease. NO has a number of intracellular effects that lead to vasorelaxation, endothelial regeneration, inhibition of leukocyte chemotaxis, and platelet adhesion. Its role in vascular disease has been intensively investigated and further elucidated over the past two decades. It is important in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia, and aneurysmal disease. In addition, NO has been used as a therapeutic tool to treat diseases that range from recurrent stenosis to inhibiting thrombotic events. Many commonly used medications have their therapeutic actions through the production of NO. This review highlights the vascular biologic characteristics of NO, its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease processes, and its potential therapeutic applications.
Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Hyperplasia; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Nitric Oxide; Thrombosis; Tunica Intima
PubMed: 15218485
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2004.03.043 -
Circulation Feb 2009
Topics: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Tunica Intima; Tunica Media; Vasodilation
PubMed: 19237671
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.846725 -
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and... Oct 2010
Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Connective Tissue; Mice; Models, Biological; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Stem Cells; Tunica Intima; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 20844267
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.211433